BEFASZCZOT



When the Soviet army marched in the area of Bielsko and Biała in January 1945, 15 former employees came to the factory to undertake their previous jobs. Their first task was to secure the devastated estate. After the warfare machinery park was incomplete and the technical documentation written in German has been destroyed by the Soviets. Only few copies of albums, catalogues and offers dated before 1945 survived. Machine tools for metal, transmission belts, typewriters, calculating machines, the network and the documentation of the plant and of the machinery park, all of these were taken away. The storeroom for finished products was empty and little raw material is left to start manufacturing. The factory became also a quarter of a Soviet military unit. The production of brushes supervised by the captain of the unit began again in very hard conditions in March 1945. Machines and the equipment of the factory taken over by Polish government in 1945 were obsolete and devastated, there were no gas to heat the furnaces with rosin, so iron furnaces heated by coal were used. The buildings which actually were not a tight complex as it may seem at first sight need a major overhaul from the very beginning of its functioning in the liberated country. The most necessary were the repairs of ceilings and roofs. During the repairs also the documentation was being got together and completed and the raw materials were secured for the soon undertaken production of brushes. Just in March in hard conditions the production of paint brushes started. The employees received 200 zł each as an advance from the Command of Town. In April they set in motion new machines: a circular saw, a milling machine, a planning machine and a press, which enabled to produce horse-brushes. 50 people had been already employed in the factory. In May the manufacture of the next articles such as the clothes brush, the shoe brush, and the toothbrush were implemented. The development of the factory was seriously disrupted by the fire in a store of celluloid that destroyed one-storey warehouse with finished articles, raw materials and semi-manufactured products. In the same month when the military unit left, the factory was taken over by the Haberdashery Industry Management in Katowice. The factory received the name: "SENNEWALDT Brothers" Brush Factory - under the state supervision - Biała Krakowska, Paderewski Street 7. Jan NIEMCZYK previously employed in the Department of Wood Processing became the director as chosen by the staff. Józef Adamski became the Manager of Production. Already 80 people worked in the factory and it developed dynamically making the production capacity and the employment increase. In 1947 the Local Industry Management in Krakow that supervised also Brush Factory "SANAX" took over the company. In 22nd September 1950 the Management conducted a merger of the firms "SENNEWALDT Brothers" and "SANAX" into one company called the STATE BRUSH FACTORY Bielsko-Biała. From 1950-1976 the new-created company undergoes successive structural transformations. In April 1951 it is taken over by the Wood & Brush Industry Management in Bydgoszcz, which controled the firm until 30th June 1954. From 1st July 1954 to 31st October 1958 it was under supervision of Minor Chemical Industry Management in Gliwice. Then from 1st November1958 to 31st December 1975 it was subordinate to the Provincial Union of the State Companies of Local Industry in Katowice. The factory was called then BIELSKO BRUSH FACTORY of Local Industry, Bielsko Biała, Hibnera Street 7.

Owing to the collected so far information the first period the factory's existence was characterized by the relatively insignificant changes. During 69 years Sennewaldt family was the owner of the factory. The time of war meant in reality the occupational management for the "SENNEWALDT Brothers" company as well as for "SANAX". The postwar period until 1975 was characterized by numerous organizational changes. As they are too frequent, they had negative impact on the functioning of the factory in consequence. The changes of management motivated by temporary, short-lived factors raised the expense and wasted the asset. However the global production was increasing constantly since 1950, most significantly (250% in comparison to the previous years) from 1950 to 1955. Between 1956-1970 the growth of production varied from 114% to 194% and between 1970-1975 it increased up to 134%. Such results were achieved mostly due to the growth of the work efficiency per one employee and due to the introduction of technological progress. The status of the factory grew not only due to the scale of production but also owing to the firm's importance in export that started in 1958. Products were destined for the socialist as well as highly economically developed and the Third World countries. The success in export was achieved by the assurance of the high quality of particular products and by maintaining large flexibility in approving new technological projects that came up to the demands of foreign consumers. It should be emphasized that as early as the beginning of "SENNEWALDT Brothers" company, the factory supplied with its products the whole Austria-Hungarian area and received the title of the "SUPPLIER FOR EMPEROR'S COURT IN VIENNA". The trademark guaranteeing the factory's quality was a picture of a lying deer POLONIA. For the foreign consumers the FAVORITE was the registered trademark of the company and it was used to protect and make its products distinctive.



1986-1945 Arising the factoryYears 1976-2000